L

Logic

Objectives

1. To handle the formal syntax of Propositional Logic and First Order Logic
2. To use formulas of First Order Logic to represent sentences in natural language
3. To give meaning to formulas and to decide their truth value in the context of an interpretation
4. To construct formal proofs in Natural Deduction
5. To state some of the consequences of the Theorems of Correction and Completeness
6. To know the basic mechanisms of Logic Programming
7. To understand how Logic Programming constitutes a tool for the automation of reasoning

Program

1. Propositional Logic: syntax (formulas) and semantics (valuations, tautologies, normal forms, consistency, consequence)
2. Natural Deduction for Propositional Logic (derivability, correction, completeness)
3. First Order Logic: syntax (terms, formulas) and semantics (models, validity, normal forms, consistency, consequence)
4. Natural Deduction for First Order Logic (derivability, correction, completeness)
5. Introduction to Logic Programming: syntax (Horn clauses, facts, rules, programs, queries) and operational semantics (unification, resolution, algorithmic aspects of resolution)

Bibliography

1. Logic and Structure (5th ed.), D. van Dalen, Springer, 2013.
2. Language, Proof and Logic, J. Barwise e J. Etchemendy, CSLI Publications, 2003.
3. Mathematical Logic for Computer Science (3rd ed.), M. Ben-Ari, Springer, 2012.
4. Essentials of Logic Programming, C. Hogger, Oxford University Press, 1990.
5. Principles of Logic and Logic Programming, G. Metakides e A. Nerode, Elsevier, 1996.